GRADE 8 KNIGHTS
Mr. Dolan & Mrs. Wallace
DARK AGES PROJECT

ELTS

Celtic England	Contains articles on about a Celtic goddess along with the Celtic language, as well as, links to Ancient Britain, Anglo Saxon Conquest, and Celtic Dark Age Kingdom Related Sites.
Clothing of the Ancient Celts	Part of the CostumeRing, this site provides detailed information and images on Celtic clothing.
The Celtic Coin Index	Philip de Jersey presents a wealth of information on Celtic coins.  There are over 36,000 images of Celtic coins with cultural and historic information.
Celts in tenth and eleventh century Britain	Regia Anglorum, a reenactment society, provides a detailed article by  Roland Williamson on the Celts titled "Who Were The 'Celts'?
Celtic Peoples of Roman Britain	This British search engine provides a map of the Celts in Roman Britain.
The Celts	From the  Gaelic and Gaelic Culture website, this article  discusses who the Celts were and their language.
Celtic Crossroads	This is the website of a tourist attraction but it does provide some valuable information.  Click on Celtic History:  2,000,000 BC to 1998 AD for easy to read information and a map with links.
The Celts	The Program in Medieval Studies at Brown University  website provides an introduction to the Celts and links to the World of the Celts, Religion, and Art and Music.
World of the Celts	A treasure trove of information on the Celts.  Information on warriors, houses, clothing, art, and artifacts are provided along with a detailed timeline and an encyclopedia.

 
 
 

CHRISTIANITY 

The Catholic Encyclopedia	An online version of an excellent reference source for researching topics in Christianity.  There is an index on the first page of the site.
The Development of Christian Society in Early England	Detailed article which discusses the history of the Roman Empire and England and their impact on the growth of Christianity.
Christianity in the Electronic Passport	Mr. Dowling, a middle school teacher in West Palm Beach, Florida, has an enormous history site.  Use the article on Christianity which is part of his section on Western  Religions.  Information on early Christianity can be found in his section on Rome.  Additional links are offered at the end of each article.
Christians and Rome - The Birth and Rise of the Christian Church	This web site began as an information source on Roman coins and now provides detailed information on the Roman Empire.  An entire section is devoted to the early history of Christianity including  Jesus of Nazareth, Christian persecution by the Romans, and monasteries.
Jesus Of Nazareth:  The Messiah (Christ)	Miles Hodges, a Presbyterian minister, has an easy to understand biography of Jesus including his life, works and major ideas.  There is also a link to a biographies of Paul the Apostle and Patrick.
From Jesus to Christ:  The First Christians	A PBS Frontline series which discusses archaeological research on Jesus, the world at the time of Jesus, the first gospel, the first Christians, and why Christianity succeeded.
World Travel Guide - Christianity	This travel site provides a detailed guide on Christian beliefs, practices, holidays, doctrines, and its history.
Invaders and Settlers:  The Anglo-Saxons	What did monks do?  What happened to their ancient writings?  Answers to these and other questions can be found at this extensive web site of St. Michael's Easthampstead Primary School in Berkshire, England.

 
 
 

FRANKS

The Rise of the Franks	Presents the early history of the Franks, the rule of Clovis, and the government of the Franks.
Carolingian Miniscule	The Department of English & Creative Writing at Bowland College, Lancaster University in England provides an example of Carolingian Miniscule from a Psalter written in Canterbury, Kent, England between 1010 and 1030 C.E.
Carolingian	An example of the Carolingian alphabet created by Alcuin of York for Charlemagne.
Medieval Writing Caroline Miniscule	Dr. Dianne Tillotson, a freelance medieval researcher, provides an explanation and examples of Caroline Miniscule or Carolingian Miniscule.
The Frankish Empire	A University of Calgary tutorial on the development of the Frankish Empire.
Medieval Sourcebook:  Einhard:  The Life of Charlemagne	A biography of Charlemagne which covers his family, his rise to the throne, and the various wars he fought.  It also includes information on his personal appearance, dress, and habits.
Images from World History:  The Franks (4th to 7th century A.D.)	Images and descriptions of glass, pottery, metal and stonework of the Franks.
Medieval Sourcebook:  Gregory of Tours (539-594):  History of the Franks:  Books 1-X	If you would like a challenge, this Fordham University site provides an abridged translation of Gregory of Tour's History of the Franks made by Earnest Brehaut in 1916.
Catholic Encyclopedia:  The Franks	Detailed article explaining the history of the Franks.
What Makes Charlemagne So Great?	A two part essay on the life of Charlemagne with links and suggested sources.  The essay is written by Melissa Snell, a history expert with about.com.
Charlemagne the King:  a biography from	Biographical information on Charlemagne excerpted from Will Durant's Story of Civilization.
Catholic Encyclopedia:  Charlemagne	Detailed encyclopedia article on the life of Charlemagne.
Charlemagne-King of the Franks	Information on the life and empire of Charlemagne which includes a timeline of major events in his life and a map of his empire.  This information was written by Jonathan Jones, a student of  Dr. Cynthia Cyrus of Vanderbilt University for the course, Music of the Middle Age and Renaissance.

GERMANIC

Visigothic Kingdom	Part of the Welcome to "Si, Spain" website which is directed by the Spanish Ambassador to the United States.  The article explains the history of the Visigoths and gives significant dates in the Visigoth's history.
Images from World History:  The  Goths  (4th to 7th century A.D.)	Images and descriptions of glass, pottery, metal and stonework of the Goths.
Germanic Invasions	A University of Calgary tutorial on the Germanic invasions of Western Europe.
Database of the Gothic Language	Provides the gothic alphabet along with gothic manuscripts and links to related sites.
Origins of the Common Law	This college level law course reading presents information on Germanic legal customs including blood feuds, land and property, social classes, land and property.
The Visigothic Code: Forum Iudicum	The Library  Of Iberian Resources Online has the full text of The Visigothic Code which was originally published by the Boston Book Company in 1910. The work is edited and translated by S.P. Scott.
Runes	A brief explanation of runic alphabets along with tables of both the Germanic and Anglo/Saxon Futhark Runes.
Runes The Futhark	Article which explains the Futhark and the meaning of its symbols.
The Germanic Runes	Arild Hauge gives the names and symbols for the Germanic Runes.
Mystery of the Futhark Alphabet	Explains the similarities of the Runic alphabet to the ancient Turkish alphabet known as the Gokturk.
The Secret of the Runes	Background of the Germanic Runes with links to additional information on the Futhark and runic stones.
Runes	A brief explanation of runic alphabets along with tables of both the Germanic and Anglo/Saxon Futhark Runes.
The Ring Synopsis-Das Rheingold	Gives a summary of the Ring of Nibelung.
Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of Nibelung)	Infoplease.com provides an article which summarizes the content of the four parts of the Ring.
The Song of Roland	The Berkeley Digital Library SunSITE Online Medieval & Classical Library presents a translation of The Song of Roland which was published in 1919.

 
 
 
 

ISLAM

Islam 101	An educational site on Islam, its culture and civilization.  There are links for Islamic history, Islam and Women, and Islam and Science.
An Introduction To Islam	Electronic publication of M. Cherif Bassiouni's An Introduction to Islam.  There are chapters on the beginnings of Islam, the religion, Islamic law, and the social system.
Introduction to Islam	Presents information on the Islamic religion, beliefs, contributions in science and mathematics,  and views on other religions
Exploring Ancient World Cultures:   Early Islam	The Exploring Ancient World Cultures is an on-line course supplement for students and teachers at the University of Evansville, Indiana.  The article on Early Islam provides an introduction to the religion, selections from the Qur'an, a chronology, images, and links to other sites.
Islam in Mr. Dowling's Electronic Passport	Mr. Dowling, a middle school teacher in West Palm Beach, Florida, has an enormous history site.  Use the article on Islam which is part of his section on Western Religions.  Additional links are offered at the end of the article.
Islam for Children	Written by a teacher for The Manor School in Oxfordshire, England, the site presents an easy to understand look at Islam.  Topics covered include Muhammad, festivals, art, daily life, family life.  Links are provided to related sites.
Islamic Web	IslamicWeb.com provides a beginner's  introduction to Islam along with information on beliefs and practices, history and politics, and resources and articles.
Islamic History:  The Golden Age	IslamWeb.com article on Islam's Golden Age with information on the Caliphs, Islam in Spain, the Crusaders and a chronology.
World Travel Guide - Islam	This travel site provides a detailed guide on Islamic beliefs and  social customs.

 
 

SAXONS

VIKINGS

GENERAL